Breast shield design impacts milk removal dynamics during pumping: A randomised controlled non-inferiority trial

摘要

Introduction: While many studies have investigated the importance of optimising pumping patterns for milk removal, the influence of breast shield design on milk removal has not been the focus of extensive investigation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of breast shields with either a 105 degrees or a 90 degrees flange opening angle on breast drainage and milk volume expressed during pumping.