Towards an international language for incontinence‐associated dermatitis (IAD): design and evaluation of psychometric properties of the Ghent Global IAD Categorization Tool (GLOBIAD) in 30 countries

摘要

Summary Background Incontinenceassociated dermatitis (IAD ) is a specific type of irritant contact dermatitis with different severity levels. An internationally accepted instrument to assess the severity ofIAD in adults, with established diagnostic accuracy, agreement and reliability, is needed to support clinical practice and research.Objectives To design the Ghent GlobalIAD Categorization Tool (GLOBIAD ) and evaluate its psychometric properties.Methods The design was based on expert consultation using a threeround Delphi procedure with 34 experts from 13 countries. The instrument was tested usingIAD photographs, which reflected different severity levels, in a sample of 823 healthcare professionals from 30 countries. Measures for diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity), agreement, interrater reliability (multirater Fleiss kappa) and intrarater reliability (Cohen's kappa) were assessed.Results TheGLOBIAD consists of two categories based on the presence of persistent redness (category 1) and skin loss (category 2), both of which are subdivided based on the presence of clinical signs of infection. The agreement for differentiating between category 1 and category 2 was 0?6 [95% confidence interval (CI ) 0?60?7], with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 84%. The overall agreement was 0?5 (95%CI 0?50?6). The Fleiss kappa for differentiating between category 1 and category 2 was 0?5 (95%CI 0?50?5). The overall Fleiss kappa was 0?1 (95%CI 0?10?1). The Cohen's kappa for differentiating between category 1 and category 2 was 0?6 (95%CI 0?50?7). The overall Cohen's kappa was 0?1 (95%CI 0?90?2).Conclusions The development of theGLOBIAD is a major step towards a better systematic assessment ofIAD in clinical practice and research worldwide. However, further validation is needed.