ISOLATION AND STRUCTURAL STUDIES ON SAPONINS FROM THREE Cephalaria SPECIES FROM ANATOLIA

摘要

Saponins are potentially bioactive components of more than 100 families widely spread out in the plant kingdom. Because of the presence of hydrophobic aglycone and hydrophilic sugar parts in their structures,saponins have considerable foaming and emulsifying features [1,2]. They also have a wide range of pharmacological activities such as insecticidal,molluscicidal,antihelminthic,antiviral,expectorant,anti-inflammatory,vasoprotective [3,4],antibacterial,antifungal [5-7],hypocholesterolemic [8],anticancer [9],and immunomodulatory and hemolytic activities [10-12]. The genus Cephalaria(Schrader ex Roemer & Schultes)(Caprifoliaceae,subfamily: Dipsacaceae) is an important genus consisting of 94 species that are widespread mainly in the Mediterranean Region and the Middle East. There are 42 taxa in Turkey and 25 of them are endemic [13]. Cephalaria genus has been investigated many times due to its rich chemical composition and biological potency. Studies have reported that this genus contains triterpenoid saponins,flavonoids,alkaloids,and iridoids [14-19],which exhibit antimicrobial,molluscicidal,antioxidant,hemolytic,immunomodulating,and cytotoxic activities [10,15,18,20,21].