Musculature of jaw apparatus in Urodela: Variations in conservative system [Russian]

摘要

The anatomical structure of muscles of the jaw apparatus (supplied from nerves V and VII) was studied in 23 species of 8 Urodela families. The jaw musculature of Hynobiidae, Salamandridae, and Ambystomidae has no autapomorphic features characteristic of some families. Structural variations within these groups are peculiar to separate genera and species. The permanent aquatic groups of so-called Perennibranchiata (Cryptobranchidae, Proteidae, Amphiumidae, and Sirenidae) have similar features. Evidently, these features are related to feeding adaptations and could evolve independently and simultaneously in each of these families. The peculiar autapomorphies characterise families of Plethodontidae, Proteidae, Amphiumidae, and Sirenidae. The development of atlanto-mandibular ligaments in Desmognathinae has caused essential changes in the jaw, apparatus performance. Evolution and homology of the internal jaw adductor musculature are discussed.