The Effect of Long-Term Mineral Fertilization on the Fertility of Southern Chernozem and the Productivity of Grain-Row Crop Rotation

摘要

It was found that during the 36 years of regular fertilization, the need for fertilizers depended on weather conditions and soil fertility and varied from N18 to N45 for nitrogen, from P23 to P7 for phosphorus, and from K13 to K20 for potassium. The most efficient fertilizing system was N33P19K9, which ensured the average annual gain in crop yield of 0.64 t g.u./ha and 10.4 kh g.u./kg nutrient. The budget intensity was 83% for nitrogen, 94% for phosphorus, and 16% for potassium. The optimum fertilizing systems decreased the humus deficit by 32%, retained the content of total phosphorus in the plow layer on the initial level, and had no effect on the content of exchangeable potassium. The content of total exchangeable bases decreased by 6% under neutral conditions.