Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is the leading cause of preventable death after trauma in both civilian and military casualties. Thoracic injuries are the second leading cause of death in military casualties who survive to receive medical care. In recent years, improved methods to stop hemorrhage, optimize resuscitation, and correct coagulopathy have increased the survival for severe traumatic injury.1 After survival from severe traumatic injury, the incidence of multiple organ failure (MOF) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is as high as 17-20% and 14%, respectively.
展开▼
