Comparison of antibacterial properties of commercial bone cements and fillers with a zinc-based glass polyalkenoate cement

摘要

Postoperative infection following invasive surgical procedures is a significant cause for concern, particularly in spinal reconstructive surgery. The objective of this study is to compare the antibacterial efficacy of a novel zinc-based glass polyalkenoate cement (Zn-GPC) based on 0.04SrO-0.12CaO-0.36ZnO- 0.48SiO_2 glass, to a number of commercially available bone cements and fillers including Simplex P + Tobramycin (S_(Tob)), Spineplex (S_(pine)) and Novabone Putty (N_(Put)). The agar diffusion test was performed on each material against Escherichia coli, Staphlococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphlococcus Aureus. S_(Tob) was found to produce large inhibition zones in each of the bacteria tested and was statistically significantly higher than any other material. The experimental Zn-GPC (B_(TSC)) was found to exhibit antibacterial properties in both E. coli and S. epidermidis. Neither S_(pine) nor N_(Put) showed any inhibitory effect in any of the bacteria tested. A study was also performed to determine the effect of antibiotic release from S_(Tob) and Zn-GPC (B_(Tob)) containing the antibiotic tobramycin (Tob). Antibacterial efficacy was found to increase with respect to maturation with B_(Tob), whereas S_(Tob) was found to decrease significantly over the time period of 0-14 days. The final objective is to investigate any change in agar composition during the agar-diffusion test. Little change was observed for S_(Tob) as antibiotic release cannot be determined using EDX. There was, however, an increase in Zn levels when analysing B_(TSC) which suggests that Zn is playing a role in the antimicrobial nature of the Zn-GPC. No significant changes were observed for S_(pine) or N_(Put).