Probiotics and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea

摘要

Stephen Allen and colleagues concluded in the PLACIDE randomised trial that patients allocated to probiotic treatment with lactobacilli and bifidobacteria were no more protected against antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) or Clostridium difficile diarrhoea (CDD) than were those given placebo. A meta-analysis in the same report showed a significant 4% absolute risk reduction in AAD using similar probiotics, based on a fixed-effect analysis. Allen and colleagues stated "the difference was small and unlikely to be of clinical significance".