Bladder neck closure is occasionally necessary in children with severe bladder outlet incontinence, in whom other measures may be ineffective. As the authors indicate, this procedure should be performed only after ensuring adequate reservoir capacity and compliance (with or without augmentation) and with provision of a reliable catheterizable continent abdominal channel. Ensuring bladder neck closure in these patients can be achieved with a variety of techniques, including complete separation of bladder neck from the urethra (reference 2 in article).
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