Effect of rootstock and interstock on growth and yield of three sweet cherry cultivars.

摘要

An experiment was carried out in Central Poland from 1995-2008 where two vigorous cherry rootstocks combined with four dwarfing interstocks were evaluated with 3 scion cultivars. Prunus avium L. and Prunus mahaleb seedlings were used as rootstocks. Three Prunus fruticosa Pall. types and 'Northstar' sour cherry were evaluated as interstocks. The trees grafted on Prunus avium seedlings, without an interstock served as the control. The interstocks clearly inhibited the growth vigour of the three cultivars. The degree of growth inhibition depended on the type of interstocks. Interstocks grafted on Prunus mahaleb seedlings restricted tree size more effectively than the same interstocks grafted on Prunus avium seedlings. The trees with interstocks came into bearing earlier than the control trees, and produced higher total yields. The rootstocks and interstocks also had an effect on fruit quality and health status of sweet cherry trees. In most cases, fruits collected from the trees with the interstocks grafted on Prunus mahaleb seedlings were smaller than those from the control trees. 'Northstar' sour cherry used as interstock proved to be incompatible with 'Burlat'. The best interstock for the three sweet cherry cultivars ('Burlat', 'Vega' and 'Kordia') turned out to be 'Frutana' (Prunus fruticosa No. 8). The trees on this interstock were healthy and produced good yields of high-quality fruit.