Fundamental Properties of Photonic Crystal Fibers: Holey Fibers and Photonic Band-Gap Fibers

摘要

Fundamental properties of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs), such as holey fibers (HFs) and photonic band-gap fibers (PBGFs), are reviewed, focusing on the cutoff wavelength, dispersion parameter, mode field diameter, splice loss, confinement loss, and so on. To model PCFs, an effective-index approach based on a very simple scalar model and a more rigorous full-vector FEM are introduced. It is confirmed that with the effective-index model, various unique properties of HFs could be qualitatively understood within the framework of classical fiber theories. Of course, to model PCFs accurately, it is crucial to use a full-vector model. Here, using the FEM based on a complete vector model, we will study the dispersion and leakage properties of PBGFs and find that the surface modes have a strong impact on these properties.