Bending square and rectangular tubing

摘要

The process of bending tubing is based largely on modern science and technology. Bending dies are designed with computer software, bending machines are computer-controlled, and the stresses and strains can be predicted accurately with mathematics. However, the principles aren't based solely on modem gadgets and sophisticated mathematics. The underlying concepts of bending tubing are the same as those used by blacksmiths for centuries, developed long before the slide rule, the calculator, or the desktop computer.