Stimulation of somatic embryo formation by mutagens and darkness in culture of immature zygotic embryos of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.

摘要

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of light conditions, physical state of the induction medium and the mutagenic treatment on the embryogenic ability of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) immature zygotic embryos differing in developmental stage. The efficiency of direct somatic embryogenesis (DSE) was analysed in a culture of immature zygotic embryos at an early (ES) and a late (LS) developmental stage. The efficiency of DSE was scored as a percentage of the explants producing somatic embryos. The experiments indicated that the physical state of the induction medium (solid or liquid) did not influence the embryogenic ability of the cultured explants. In the cultures on both solid and liquid induction medium, the ES explants produced somatic embryos with a frequency of 25.8-37.3% i.e. 2.5-3-times lower than LS explants. However, an increase in the embryogenic ability of ES explants (up to 69.8%) was observed when DSE was induced in darkness. Moreover, the stimulation of DSE efficiency in culture of ES explants was also observed after mutagenic treatment. The chemical mutagens, MNH and EMS, applied for explant treatment, both stimulated efficiency of somatic embryo formation in culture of ES explants. The most effective DSE induction was observed when MNH and EMS were applied in doses of 0.125-1.0 mM x 3h and 0.05-0.2% x 18h, respectively. In these treatment combinations the frequency of ES explants forming somatic embryos was found to be about 2 times higher than in the control culture. [References: 32]