Nasleđivanje osobina u F1 generaciji roditeljskih kombinacija jabuka mantet x melba i melba x mantet

摘要

Da bi se dobile nove sorte jabuka visokog kvaliteta, bolje adaptirane u ekološkim uslovima Polimlja (Crna Gora) izvršena su ukrštanja, a kasnije proučavani hibridi iz kombinacija: Mantet x Melba i Melba x Mantet%Hybrid seedlings were planted in the autumm of 1970 and started bearing fruit in 1974. Hybrids of the Mantet x Melba combination produced on average more fruit-bearing hybrids than the combination Melba x Mantet. Tree vigor of hybrid is better in the Mantet x Melba combination and is slightly better in both combinations than the parent one. Fruit ripening mostly took place during the first half of August, and the main harvest of ripe fruit was in the second half of August, although in some wanner regions this feature occurred slightly earlier. The ground color of fruit was mostly inherited in the first combination from Melba, and there was the lowest number of intermediary ones; while in the second combination most trees were bearing fruit resembling the mother fruit, i.e. cv. Melba. Additional fruit color was mostly from the mother fruit in both combinations, while the smallest number was of trees with this fruit, i.e. intermediary fruit. Color of the flesh fruit in both combinations is mostly representing the father, more in the second than in the first combination. The smallest number of trees was with intermediary fruit. Taste (flavor) of fruit. In both combinations we had the largest number of fruit of a sweet-sour taste, but there are also transgressive segregations of flavor: the sweet and sour taste. Size and shape of fruit. In the first combination fruit was slightly larger than the parents and in the second one slightly smaller. In the first combination there was the largest number of fruit resembling Mantet, and in the second one there was an equal inheritance from both father and mother. There were hybrid trees which have yielded a new shape od fruit in both combinations. Disease index shows that Podosphaera leucotricha has attacked more strongly the trees than Venturia inaequalis, while in the second combination the attack of Venturia inaequalis is sligntly stronger.