Is India Specialising in Polluting Industries? Evidence from US-India Bilateral Trade

摘要

Since embarking on deep liberalisation reforms in 1991, India has substantially enhanced her domestic environmental legislation. However, the nature of environmental regulation (focusing on pollution standards rather than actual pollution load) and the lack of compliance in the polluting industrial units have made the overall environmental regime rather weak. Thus, despite the expansion of environmental regulations through the last two decades, industrial pollution has increased at an alarming rate as recently observed by the Central Pollution Control Board.