Removal of micropollutants in WWTP effluent by biological assisted membrane carbon filtration (BioMAC)

摘要

In the frame of the European FP6 project Neptune, a combination of biological activated carbonnwith ultrafiltration (BioMAC) was investigated for micropollutant, pathogen and ecotoxicitynremoval. One pilot scale set-up and two lab-scale set-ups, of which in one set-up the granularnactivated carbon (GAC) was replaced by sand, were followed up during a period of 11 months.nIt was found that a combination of GAC and ultrafiltration led to an almost complete removal ofnantibiotics and a high removal (480%) of most of the investigated acidic pharmaceuticals andniodinated contrast media. The duration of the tests did however not allow to conclude that thenbiological activation was able to extend the lifetime of the GAC. Furthermore, a significantndecrease in estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity could be illustrated. The set-up in which GACnwas replaced by sand showed a considerably lower removal efficiency for micropollutants,nespecially for antibiotics but no influence on steroid activity.