Using the soil water balance model GWN-BW, groundwater recharge from precipitation was simulated between 1951 and 2019. Their variability based on decades showed that planning-relevant periods with partly strongly negative groundwater recharge anomalies occurred in the past. Regional climate projections show a comparatively uniform trend of increasing air temperature for the future, but not a uniform development with regard to precipitation changes. The number of climate projections concerning groundwater recharge is still too small to provide a reliable range for the future development of groundwater recharge, but there is a sign of worsening conditions with regard to water available for water use. Overall, there is a need for adaptation measures to ensure that drinking water of sufficient quality and quantity is also available in the future. The aim is to prevent conflicts between drinking water production and competing uses (e.g. agricultural irrigation). Especially in regions with low-yielding aquifers, it is therefore recommended, in the sense of sustainable management, to deviate from a long-term average groundwater recharge as a rated size. Instead, the establishment of a reduced rate of groundwater recharge on the basis of a "dry weather supply" should be considered as an option.
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