INFLUENCE OF LOW-TEMPERATURE PLASMA ON CONDITIONS OF TEXTILE DYEING

摘要

New processes of photochemical and physical modification of polymeric surfaces are being developed in connection with requirement of ecologically friendly and highly efficient processes of textile surface finishes. One of the most suitable methods for ,,physical" surface activation of textile material meeting strict present environmental requirements seems to be surface plasma activation of textile materials. Surface transformation of textile materials on nanometric level takes place on plasma activation. It can be advantageous mainly if polarity of the polymeric material is to be increased in order to improve adhesion on surface finishes and/or dyeing. An innovative technological process integrating low-temperature plasma generated by DCSBD (Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge) enables to apply new dyeing processes aimed at enhancement of dyestuff affinity to the dyed textile material acceptable from environmental viewpoint. Low-temperature processes carried out under atmospheric pressure enable continuous production by integration of progressive technologies into a conventional technological textile manufacturing process without any adverse influence on its rate and productivity. We would like to call attention on influence of low-temperature plasma under atmospheric pressure on dyeability and colour fastness of natural textile materials in our paper. Conceptional solution of the equipment ZUP 400 for continuous textile finishing using low-temperature plasma under atmospheric pressure included into a continuous pilot finishing line installed in the company VUTCH-CHEMITEX, spol. s r.o. will be presented as well. Positioning of the equipment ZUP 400 for textile finishing using low-temperature plasma under atmospheric pressure preserves previous scope of technological applications of the finishing equipment but at the same it enables continuous switch over to textile finishing using low-temperature plasma under atmospheric pressure and subsequent after treatment of the material e.g. chemical finish.%V súvislosti s po?iadavkou na ekologicky ?etrné procesy vysoko ú?innych povrchovych úprav textilií sa hl'adajú nové postupy fotochemickej a fyzikálnej modifikácie polymérnych povrchov. Jednou z najvhodnej?ích metod povrchovej ?fyzikálnej" aktivácie textilného materiálu, v súlade so striktnymi sú?asnymi environmentálnymi po?iadavkami, sa javí povrchová aktivácia textilného materiálu plazmou. Pou?itím plazmovej aktivácie dochádza ku transformácii povrchu textilnych materiálov na nanometrickej úrovni, s vyu?itím najma ak je pot?ebné zvy?it' polaritu polymérneho materiálu za ú?elom zlep?enia adhézie pri povrchovych úpravách resp. farbení. Inovovany technologicky proces zabezpe?eny integráciou nízkoteplotnej plazmy generovanej vybojom DCSBD (Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge) za atmosférického tlaku umo?ňuje aplikáciu novych farbiacich postupov s cielbm zvy?enia afinity farbiva ku farbenému textilnému materiálu so sú?asnou minimalizáciou za?a?enia ?ivotného prostredia. Procesy realizované pri nízkej teplotě a atmosférickom tlaku umo?ňujú kontinuálnu vyrobu integráciou progresívnych technologií do tradi?ného technologického procesu textilnej vyroby, bez negativného ovplyvnenia jej rychlosti a produktivity.