Benchmarking the Competitiveness of Australian Global Cities: Sydney and Melbourne in the Global Context

摘要

In this article, we construct an integrative model of urban competitiveness, which incorporates economic and non-economic dimensions, and combines determinants and indicators of a city's competitiveness. We apply this model to evaluating the competitiveness of Australian cities (Sydney and Melbourne), benchmarked against a group of counterpart global cities (New York, London, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Toronto, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Singapore and Shanghai). The results reveal the global status of the Australian cities, and point out their competitive strength in the dimensions of Liveability and Attractiveness, Creativity and Diversity, and Environmental Sustainability, and competitive weakness in the dimensions of Governance, Connectivity and Enterprise Hub. We conclude with a discussion about enhancing the competitiveness of Australian global cities.%本文建构了一个城市竞争力的综合模型，其中包含经济和非经济维度，把城市竞争力的各种决定因素和指标结合在一起。我们用这一模型评估澳大利亚不同城市（悉尼和墨尔本）的竞争力，并与世界上其他同类城市（纽约、伦敦、洛杉矶、旧金山、多伦多、法兰克福、香港、新加坡、上海）相比较。研究结果显示出澳大利亚城市在全球的排名，在宜居、吸引力、创造力、多样性、环境可持续性等方面的竞争优势，以及在治理、联结性、企业聚集度方面的弱点。文章结尾探讨了如何强化澳大利亚国际都市竞争力的问题。