Super-Connectors: A New Model of Internationalization from the MENA Region

摘要

The main purpose of this case-based research is to investigate and analyze three fast-growing airlines (Emirates/Dubai, Qatar Airways/Qatar, and Etihad Airways/Abu Dhabi) and their internationalization from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The three carriers that are commonly known as "super-connectors" in the airline industry continue to excel in their business models and internationalization. Based on secondary data, surveys, and company-specific information, the article uses a longitudinal case-based research approach to discuss the three airlines. Findings of the work reveal that the three super-connectors have aggressively expanded in the MENA region and beyond by seeking multiple alliances, joint ventures, long-term collaborative agreements (code sharing), and foreign direct investment (FDI). These activities represent innovative business models and operational efficiencies in the global airline industry. We believe that non-MENA airlines may not have the same dynamism, strategic clout, corporate-related efficiencies, and financial prowess that we witness among the three super-connectors. In international business (IB) and multinational corporation (MNC)-related areas, researchers, industry analysts, and policymakers need to pay attention to the MENA region's super-connectors and their emerging internationalization models. The article also provides useful trends and implications that can be benchmarked by practitioners, researchers, and airlines regarding the issues of internationalization, growth, and new business models.