NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THERMAL WARPING AND BUCKLING IN ENAMELLED STEEL PARTS

摘要

When an enamelled steel part is cooled down after firing, residual stresses are induced due to the difference in thermal dilatation between the enamel and the steel grade. These thermal stresses can give rise to buckling and warping of enamelled steel parts. Especially slender designs, like baking trays (household appliance) or flat architectural panels (building industry) are prone to these problems. Here, a finite element model is presented to predict these phenomena and, correspondingly, derive some guidelines to avoid thermal warping and buckling in enamelled steel parts.rnFirst, an enamelled cantilever beam is studied, and the calculated stress distribution is compared with the traditional Timoshenko thermostat theory. The assumptions of the finite element model are validated by performing experimental Klotz tests.rnThen, this model is applied to simulate real-scale enamelled steel parts. Two case studies are considered: a warped baking tray, and a flat architectural panel, where buckling occurs after enamelling. It is shown that finite element simulations can predict these distortions, and can be used to derive design guidelines for enamelled steel parts.