1911 – Ein Augenarzt erhält den Nobelpreis: Allvar Gullstrand: Chirurg, Mathematiker und kreativer Erfinder

摘要

BACKGROUND: Allvar Gullstrand (1862–1930) provided valuable contribution to theoretical optics as well as carried out fundamental research on the mathematical and physical properties of the human eye. Furthermore he invented several important devices used in ophthalmology, e. g. the first slit lamp ("Ophthalmoskop"). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Literature search for journal articles via PubMed, Google Scholar and Google. RESULTS: Gullstrand applied the methods of physical mathematics to optical images and to the refraction of light in the eye. For his work, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1911 as well as numerous other awards. Gullstrand is also noted for his research on astigmatism, for improving the ophthalmoscope and for corrective lenses in use after cataract surgery. Furthermore he developed the first schematic model of the eye which is still in use today ("Gullstrand's Eye"). CONCLUSIONS: Gullstrand's research offered detailed scientific facts of the eye. Furthermore he invented several diagnostic devices for ophthalmology which further developments are still the standard diagnostic tools in ophthalmology today. The information which is provided by the "Gullstrand eye" and "Gullstrand Formula" is still regarded as Gold Standard.