PILED-RAFT FOUNDATIONS. DESIGN AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES

摘要

The classical range of application of pile foundations calls for their penetration through weak soil layers and the transmission of loads from the buildings and structures onto deep soil strata with high construction properties. Even the widespread use of short piles was, in essence, found to be within the framework of the indicated range of application, since the relatively weak active soil layer subjected to freezing and thawing, and also fill soils would be penetrated by the piles. In that case, the existence of grillages that cover the piles usually has not been considered in analyzing pile foundations. Recently, however, loads within the footprint of construction activity have begun to exceed 500-800 kPa, and occasionally 1,000 kPa in connection with the increasing number of stories of the buildings being erected. In that case, foundations in the form of pile fields covered by grillage slabs must be used, even if the buildings are designed with underground stories that cut through weak soils. Since soils with relatively good construction properties usually reside under the slabs for the case under consideration, the question concerning utilization of their resistance will arise.