A Distributed Task Allocation Based on a Winner-Take-All Approach for Multiple Energy Storage Systems Coordination in a Microgrid

摘要

With the advance in energy storage technology, various energy storage systems (ESSs) have been exploited for providing frequency/voltage control and other services in a microgrid. It may be impractical to adjust all of the ESSs charging/discharging behaviors to compensate for the supply demand mismatch due to limited number of control actions constraints, availability conditions, and ESS lifespan concerns for frequent charging/discharging operations. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel discrete distributed task allocation approach based on the winner-take-all (WTA) algorithm to select the most suitable ESSs through a sparse communication network using a consensus filter. The active power controllers of the chosen ESSs are activated to track the desired charging/discharging power reference provided by the local controller, while those of the rest ESSs remain deactivated. The proposed discrete approach is suitable for digital implementation, and its convergence and optimality are guaranteed by rigorous analysis. Simulation studies verify the effectiveness of the proposed distributed WTA-based control approach with two modified versions of the benchmark low-voltage (LV) microgrid networks.