From small wars to counterinsurgency: C.W. Gwynn, 'Imperial Policing' and transformation of doctrine

摘要

The complicated problematic of Imperial Policing in many respects still comes down to the principle of minimum force, and much of what we consider an integral part of the modern doctrine of counterinsurgency, is perceived as byproduct of post-1945 colonial experience. Charles Gwynn wrote about it in his still underestimated text-book on internal security, 'Imperial Policing'. As a result, there is a lack of clear understanding how colonial (based on local experience) knowledge was transformed into the expert (universal, transferable) knowledge in confronting rebellions at the doctrinal level. This article examines the work of Gwynn as part of a transitional stage from the age of global empires to the age of nuclear superpowers within the context of internal security doctrine. Adaptation to the new realities during the interwar period and after the World War Ⅱ - reconfiguration of the British army epistemological system in confronting insurgencies - was a hard process. In this sense, the question about transformation of colonial knowledge into expert knowledge onto the field of internal security is a part of a more general and sensitive question about transition from colonialism to the post-colonial age.