Careful tuning of gene regulation is crucial for proper cell function. Temporal or spatial changes in gene expression or changes in gene expression level can compromise cell activity or even viability. Transcriptional activators interact with coactivators, which in turn communicate with the general transcription machinery or chromatin remodeling factors to effect changes in gene expression. Using NMR, Brzovic ef at. have examined the structural basis for the binding of the transcriptional activator Gcn4 to the coactivator Mediator subunit Gallll/Medl5 (Galll) in yeast. Activation domains, which are generally rich in acidic residues, often bind diverse coactivators through multiple low-affinity interactions.
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