Wintertime spatio-temporal variation of ultrafine particles in a Belgian city

摘要

Simultaneous measurements of ultrafine particles (UFPs) were carried out at four sampling locations situated within a 1 km2 grid area in a Belgian city, Borgerhout (Antwerp). All sampling sites had different orientation and height of buildings and dissimilar levels of anthropogenic activities (mainly traffic volume). The aims were to investigate: (i) the spatio-temporal variation of UFP within the area, (ii) the effect of wind direction with respect to the volume of traffic on UFP levels, and (iii) the spatial representativeness of the official monitoring station situated in the study area. All sampling sites followed similar diurnal patterns of UFP variation, but effects of local traffic emissions were evident. Wind direction also had a profound influence on UFP concentrations at certain sites. The results indicated a clear influence of local weather conditions and the more dominant effect of traffic volumes. Our analysis indicated that the regional air quality monitoring station represented the other sampling sites in the study area reasonably well; temporal patterns were found to be comparable though the absolute average concentrations showed differences of up to 35%.%WTO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Moi, Belgium,Department ofBioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium;Division of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science (FEPS), University of Surrey, CU2 7XH, United Kingdom,Environmental Flow (EnFlo) Research Centre, FEPS, University of Surrey, CU2 7XH, United Kingdom,Civil Engineering (C5), Division of Civil, Chemical and En-vironmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences (FEPS), Univer-sity of Surrey, Guildford CU2 7XH, United Kingdom;WTO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Moi, Belgium;WTO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Moi, Belgium;WTO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Moi, Belgium;WTO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Moi, Belgium,Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ghent University, Belgium;WTO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Moi, Belgium;WTO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Moi, Belgium,Transportation Research Institute, University of Hasselt, Belgium;Department ofBioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium;