Suitable scale of Weigan River plain oasis

摘要

Desert coexists with oasis in long time, and the existence and development of oasis system demand better oasis vegetation ecological system. Oasis scale of arid zone plain encircling water should be determined in case of desertification caused by land over-reclamation under the circumstance of water resources shortage. Steady oasis with virtuous circle must have appropriate land use structure for agriculture, forestry and graziery. The study on the suitable scale and developmental space of oasis will provide theoretical and applicable foundation for effective construction of oases. By analyzing the hydrothermal, water and soil balance, an optimal mathematical model has been established. Based on hydrometeorology data collected for years in Weigan River plain, and by the principle of water balance, a calculation has been made of the water resources for evapotranspiration and the optimal acreage of oasis and cultivated land, which shows that the water resources for evapotranspiration in the Weigan River plain oasis is 22.32 × 10~8m~3 and the optimal oasis acreage under the condition of conventional irrigation mode is 3716.06 km~2, in which the suitable cultivated land acreage is 1564.79 km~2. Under the condition of water-saving irrigation, the suitable oasis acreage is 5515.49 km~2, in which the suitable cultivated land acreage is 2322.31 km~2. The oasis area had reached 4123 km~2, and the cultivated land acreage had reached 1507 km~2 after the Agriculture Irrigation Drainage Water Project of World Bank Loan in Weigan River basin was finished in 1997. The oasis and cultivated land acreage will be more suitable, and the oasis scale can be enlarged moderately by means of water saving irrigation.