If London's 1851 Great Exhibition had its Crystal Palace, Paris its Eiffel Tower for the 1889 Exposition Universelle, then San Francisco had the 432ft high Tower of Jewels -the centrepiece and portal of its 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition. Designed by New York Public Library architect Thomas Hastings (1860-1929), the tower announced the city's return to the world stage a decade after its earthquake and devastating fire. The 675 acre site in Presidio was to become a staggering temporary citadel of domes and minarets along the south shore of the Golden Gate.
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