Concentrated Solar Power deployment in emerging economies: The cases of China and Brazil

摘要

This paper debates the main reasons why Chinese and Brazilian energy policies have not focused on Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) deployment until now. Like most emerging economies, China and Brazil have registered large increases in energy demand, as well as considerable growth of energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. On the other hand, both countries have played an important role on the expansion of renewable energy infrastructure and considering that large portions of their territories present high levels of "Direct Normal Irradiation" (DNI) CSP technologies might have figured as an important strategy for the mitigation of atmosphere pollution and global warming. Since large scale deployment of CSP technologies still implies high "Levelized Costs Of Electricity" (LCOE) that could affect the competitiveness of national industry in global markets, we argue that a comprehensive answer for this question must place national energy policies in the context of a "world-system" analysis. CSP has not benefited from the international demand that has boosted wind turbines and photovoltaic cells with their subsequent price reductions. Furthermore, we will discuss the "elective affinities" between thermal solar investments and the development of those regions that present the lowest performances in the Chinese and Brazilian socioeconomic realities.