マイクロチャンバーを用いたPVC建材及び用品からのSVOC放散量の測定

摘要

Recent studies have reported that indoor house dust contains a large volume of SVOC chemical substances such as phthalates and it is showing a relationship with children's asthma and allergic dermatitis. In particular, plasticizers contained in PVC building materials such as DBP and DEHP are the primary SVOC substances that pollute indoor environments. Therefore, The Micro-chamber method is to measure the emission rate of SVOCs from building products and to confirm what kind of SVOCs are emitted from a variety of products that are used indoors kindergarten. As results, the DBP and DEHP were detected in all building materials based on the result obtained from measuring the building materials produced in Japan, South Korea, and China. On the other hand, TCEP and TPP were not detected from all the building materials tested in this study. The DBP and DEHP emission rates (95 percentile) from the PVC sheets used for the measurement in this study were 2.60 [μg/m~2·h] and 11.63[μg/m~2·h] respectively. Moreover, it appears that there is a different type of plasticizer added to each product and detected for each country. In addition, toys, shoes, crayon and eraser were emitted C16, DBP and DEHP and also variety SVOCs like as D6, BHT, DEP' TBP, C20 and DOA Especially, shoes were detected 9 substances among targeted 12. These results were considered that is because shoes are made a several materials.%本研究はマイクロチャンバーを用いて室内で使用されている床材、壁紙などからのSVOC放散速度を測定し、日用品からのSVOC放散量を測定した。1)測定したPVC系建材の場合、DBP、DEHPの検出率は高く、住宅におけるハウスダスト中DBP、DEHPの汚染源であることが分かった。2)有機リン系難燃剤の場合、PVC建材から放散されなかったため、室内の気中•ハウスダスト中難燃剤の汚染源は家電製品など、他のプラスチック製品であることが考えられる。3)測定した床材の種類によって、フタル酸エステル類の放散速度が異なり、今回測定した中国製のPVC建材はDEHPよりDBPの放散速度が高かった。4)日用品から様々なフタル酸エステル類が検出されたが、有機リン系難燃剤は検出されなかった。5)室内のフタル酸エステル類の汚染は、PVC系の床材のみではなく、室内に持ち込んだ玩具、文房具、上履きもフタル酸エステル類の汚染になる可能性が示唆された。