This paper presents a methodology to include emission constraints in classical economic dispatch (ED), which contains an efficient weights estimation technique. Also, a partial closed form technique is presented to implement the emission constrained economic dispatch (ECED). A simple technique is proposed to identify the binding constraints. The methods proposed do not need any user-supplied tuning or conversion factors. Dispatch quality is not compromised, and any practical sized problem can be solved efficiently. The proposed methods have rapid and consistent convergence to the Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions. Different methods of including emissions as well as their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Sample test results are presented. The two proposed methodologies have potential for on-line implementation.
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