Universal Relaxational Dynamics of Gapped One-Dimensional Models in the Quantum Sine-Gordon Universality Class

摘要

A semiclassical approach to the low-temperature real-time dynamics of generic one-dimensional, gapped models in the sine-Gordon model universality class is developed. Asymptotically exact universal results for correlation functions are obtained in the temperature regime T < < Δ, where Δ is the energy gap.