Streptococcus mutans bystander-induced bioeffects following sonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy through sonocatalytic performance of Curcumin-Poly (Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) on off-target cells

摘要

To assessed the Streptococcus mutans bystander-induced bioeffects following sonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (SACT) by Curcumin-Poly (Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) nanoparticles (Cur-PLGA-NPs). Cur-PLGA-NPs were synthesized and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform IR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, as well as, determination of in vitro drug release. Following the successful synthesis and characterization of Cur-PLGA-NPs, the cell survival, intracellular ROS production, apoptotic effects, DNA fragmentation, and gene expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were investigated on human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells as off-target cells through S. mutans bystander-induced bioeffects following SACT (BCSS). No significant cytotoxic and damage caused by the release of ROS from BCSS were observed in HGF cells (P 0.05). There was no DNA fragmentation and anti-proliferation effects on HGF cells. The expression levels of bFGF, TNF-alpha, and IL-8 genes were increased after exposure to BCSS to 15.4-, 13.5-, and 8.7-fold, respectively (P 0.05), while TGF-beta and IL-10 were downregulated to -4.1- and -6.8-fold, respectively (P 0.05). It could be concluded that there were no bystander bioeffects of targeted sonocatalytic stress on off-target cells.