The role of local ecological knowledge for the conservation and sustainable fisheries of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758) in the Iberian Peninsula

摘要

Anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758) uses many environments in its life cycle, which makes them even more susceptible to any environmental changes. Due to the potential of local ecological knowledge (LEK) in fishing villages on the Minho River, this study provided information on trophic chain, conservation, gastronomy, taboos, and food aversions of the sea lamprey. The discharge of pollutants, physical barriers, and climate change were considered a threat to the conservation of sea lamprey. Fishers' LEK highlighted some preys from Osteichthyes and two potential predators (European otter and the Great Cormorant). Artisanal fishing was carried out predominantly at night and close to the village of Caminha, with the average of the largest sea lamprey caught was 2.6 kg. The price of this fishing resource could vary between 10 and 40 euros. Food taboos did not influence the conservation of this lamprey species. Local beliefs can assist in the promotion of eco-labels and greater recognition of local gastronomy. Alternative approaches to current scientific research can lead fishing villages that depend on these natural resources to contribute to the conservation of sea lamprey in the Minho river watershed.