A New World of differences

Shaun Miller; Jared Diamond

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A New World of differences

机译：差异新世界

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Both the countries of North America (the United States and Canada) are twice as rich as the next richest New World country (Barbados), and some 20 times richer than the poorest (Haiti). The actual numbers are US37,562 dollar, 30,677 dollar, 15,720 dollar and 1,742 dollar, respectively, expressed here as annual per capita gross domestic product (GDP) corrected for differences in purchasing power, Why are these differences so vast, and can an understanding of the causes help the plight of the poor NewWorld countries? The answers are much debated by social scientists and policy-makers.

机译：北美（美国和加拿大）这两个国家的财富是第二大富裕国家（巴巴多斯）的两倍，是最穷国家（海地）的20倍。实际数字分别为37,562美元，30,677美元，15,720美元和1,742美元，在此表示为购买力差异校正后的年人均国内生产总值（GDP）。为什么这些差异如此之大，并且可以理解哪些原因有助于贫穷的新世界国家的困境？社会科学家和政策制定者对答案进行了很多辩论。

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《Nature》 |2006年第7092期|p.411-412|共2页
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Shaun Miller; Jared Diamond;
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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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正文语种 eng
中图分类自然科学总论;
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入库时间 2022-08-18 02:56:29

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7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. 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A New World of differences

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