幻觉通常被认为来自大脑中感觉信号的编码方式。但也有另外一种解 释。幻觉也可能来自神经网络中比较靠下游的一个部分，即在大脑根 据适用于特定任务的策略来对感觉信息进行解码的地方。在有关实验 中，研究人员让正常的人估计相对于一个固定边界的一个由随机的点 构成的图案的运动方向，结果显示，他们会得出一致的错误判断，说 明人关于运动的主观经验并不是直接来自感觉神经元的反应，而是在 这些反应已经被解码之后形成的。%Perceptual illusions are usually thought to arise from the way sensory signals are encoded by the brain, and indeed are often used to infer the mechanisms of sensory encoding. But perceptual illusions might also result from the way the brain decodes sensory information, reflecting the strategies that optimize performance in particular tasks. In a fine discrimination task, the most accurate information comes from neurons tuned away from the discrimination boundary, and observers seem to use signals from these 'displaced' neurons to optimize their performance.
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机译：幻觉通常被认为来自大脑中感觉信号的编码方式。但也有另外一种解 释。幻觉也可能来自神经网络中比较靠下游的一个部分，即在大脑根 据适用于特定任务的策略来对感觉信息进行解码的地方。在有关实验 中，研究人员让正常的人估计相对于一个固定边界的一个由随机的点 构成的图案的运动方向，结果显示，他们会得出一致的错误判断，说 明人关于运动的主观经验并不是直接来自感觉神经元的反应，而是在 这些反应已经被解码之后形成的。%Perceptual illusions are usually thought to arise from the way sensory signals are encoded by the brain, and indeed are often used to infer the mechanisms of sensory encoding. But perceptual illusions might also result from the way the brain decodes sensory information, reflecting the strategies that optimize performance in particular tasks. In a fine discrimination task, the most accurate information comes from neurons tuned away from the discrimination boundary, and observers seem to use signals from these 'displaced' neurons to optimize their performance.
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