Most students who enrol in US science and engineering PhD programmes hope to pursue an academic career. However, the gulf between the supply of newly minted PhDs and the availability of faculty positions widens each year. Some 36,000 people earned science and engineering PhDs in the United States in 2011, but US universities create only around 3,000 tenure-track positions annually. And with about 70% of those graduates taking a postdoctorate (M. Schillebeeckx, B. Maricque and C. Lewis Nature Biotechnol. 31,938-941; 2013), many trainees end up in a holding pattern, waiting for faculty jobs that are unlikely to materialize.
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机译：参加美国科学与工程博士学位课程的大多数学生都希望从事学术职业。但是，每年新博士学位的提供与教师职位的提供之间的鸿沟不断扩大。 2011年，美国约有3.6万人获得了科学和工程博士学位，但美国大学每年仅创造约3,000个终身职位。在这些毕业生中，约有70％拥有博士后学位（M. Schillebeeckx，B。Maricque和C. Lewis Nature Biotechnol。31,938-941； 2013），许多学员最终都处于等待状态，等待着不太可能的教师职位实现。
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