Experimental and numerical investigations of interface characteristics of copper/steel composite prepared by explosive welding

摘要

Copper-steel composite is an attractive candidate for cooling staves applied in the blast furnace because of their lower cost and high deformation resistance ability. However, systematic researches on the application effect of composites are insufficient. In this work, a novel copper-steel composite stave was developed by explosive welding process. The experimental and numerical investigations were carried out on the interface of copper steel composite. The results showed that copper-steel composite cooling stave possesses the similar cooling capacity and higher anti-deforming capability than copper cooling staves. The interface is characterized by a wave structure and melted zones in the vortex region are surrounded by intensely deformed bulk materials. The grain structure in the interface indicated some grains were elongated in the direction of vortex. Refined grains and nano-sized grains of 56 nm were formed in the melted zones. The smaller nanocrystalline iron grains are dispersed uniformly at the grain boundary of the copper matrix and in the vicinity of the nanometer iron grains were tiny copper grains. The higher hardness in the deformed regions, superior local properties of the interface owing to nanocrystalline grains and typical dimple fracture confirm the good metallurgical bonding of the copper-steel composite prepared by explosive welding. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.