High tolerance to simulated herbivory in the clonal seaweed, Caulerpa cylindracea

摘要

Tolerance can enable introduced plants to establish in the face of intense consumption by native herbivores. The siphonacous seaweed, Caulerpa cylindracea, despite being heavily grazed by native herbivores, is one of the most successful invaders in the Mediterranean. By means of a field experiment simulating herbivore grazing, we tested whether regeneration from damaged creeping stolons may allow C cylindracea to compensate or overcompensate for biomass loss. In order to simulate different grazing intensities, the cover of C cylindracea was either left untouched or clipped to 25%, 50% or 75% of the original value. After 2 months, C. cylindracea cover increased by similar to 450% in 75% removal plots, similar to 200% in 50% removals and similar to 70% in 25% removals, whilst the increment in controls was just similar to 6%. Such differential growth rates resulted in no difference in the cover of C. cylindracea between clipped (irrespective of clipping intensity) and control plots. Thus, regeneration from remnant clipped stolons could compensate for biomass loss, suggesting that non-native siphonaceous seaweeds can withstand intense mechanical damage and, possibly, grazing by herbivores. This compensatory mechanism may underpin the success of some of the most invasive clonal plants. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.