Designing Urban Stormwate BMPs for Trout Sensitive Waters: Cold Water Design Guidance for Storm water Wetlands, Wet Ponds,and Bloretention

摘要

AS our understanding of aquatic ecology has advanced, it has become clear that the effects of stormwater runoff and urbanization are detrimental to organisms living in streams and rivers. In order to reduce these negative impacts, a variety of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) have been implemented to decrease stormwater flow into streams and remove pollutants such as metals, nutrients, and bacteria. While these systems have become an effective tool for treating many stormwater pollutants, one contaminant that has not been historically considered in BMP design is thermally polluted stormwater runoff.