Origins of Classical Architecture: Temples, Orders, and Gifts to the Gods in Ancient Greece

摘要

The question of how the classical orders achieved their canonical form was first explored by Vitruvius in his Ten Books on Architecture, written at the end of the first century BC. In modern times, architects and architectural historians have closely examined extant structures, archaeological evidence, and ancient art in order to identify the sources of inspiration and understand the meanings of classical forms. Among these, Barbara A. Barletta has provided a thorough consideration of the literary and archaeological evidence regarding the Greek architectural orders, and J. J. Coulton has offered a thoughtful investigation of the nature of structure and design. In his most recent book, Mark Wilson Jones, an architect and architectural historian, approaches the subject with a sensitivity to design processes and material culture and a thorough grounding in theoretical and philosophical frameworks. The book's subtitle, Temples, Orders, and Gifts to the Gods in Ancient Greece, indicates a primary thesis that the temple must be understood within the context of the sanctuary, and the connection between temples and gifts to the gods is explicit. The temple is an expression of piety, civic pride, and competition, and its mature structure and decorative forms are the result of cross-fertilization between architecture and a wide range of votive objects that inhabit the same sacred space.