首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research2012V243-244NOCT,15 >Geological mapping of volcanic terrains: Discussion on concepts, facies models, scales, and resolutions from New Zealand perspective
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Geological mapping of volcanic terrains: Discussion on concepts, facies models, scales, and resolutions from New Zealand perspective

机译:火山地形的地质图:从新西兰的角度讨论概念,相模型,尺度和分辨率

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Geological mapping in volcanic terrains is a challenging task as there needs to be input from various geologists' groups and only limited, often ambiguous guidelines exist. Volcanoes and volcanic successions are in many ways viewed and treated differently than normal sedimentary successions. Volcanic systems are very much a part of the normal sedimentary environment and as such need to integrated into the stratigraphic framework of the enclosing deposits. Most volcanoes supply large volumes of material (pyroclasts) into the sedimentary system. The type and style of eruption determines the time frame of the process, while the type of volcano defines the interaction between volcano and background sedimentation (e.g. monogenetic versus polygenetic volcanic systems). A sound lithostratigraphic framework for mapping geological units in volcanic terrains should also adopt the latest developments in volcanology and understanding of volcanic systems. The lithostratigraphic classification needs to define the mapping unit and apply it to the 1) proximal to distal volcanic fades, 2) eruption styles and their temporal changes, and 3) mode of pyroclast transportation (i.e. fallout versus pyroclastic density current). Differentiation of syn- and post-eruption re-sedimentation, during either within- or between eruptive phases, will determine the most useful stratigraphic nomenclature system to apply to the volcanic units. The approach to geological mapping in ancient and modern volcanic terrains can be different but the same basic stratigraphic principles and classification apply. The purpose of the geological mapping project, whether it be in ancient or modern volcanic systems, will define the style and scale of mapping. The type of output depends upon the objectives and available resources, including the volcanological experience of the mapping team. Here we provide some insight from a New Zealand perspective to geological mapping on active volcanic terrains in a convergent plate margin. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译:火山地形中的地质测绘是一项艰巨的任务,因为需要来自各个地质学家团体的意见,而且仅存在有限的,常常含糊的指导原则。在许多方面,对火山和火山演替的看法和处理方式与正常的沉积演替不同。火山系统是正常沉积环境的重要组成部分,因此需要整合到围岩的地层框架中。大多数火山向沉积系统供应大量的物质(破火山岩)。喷发的类型和方式决定了过程的时间框架,而火山的类型则定义了火山与背景沉积之间的相互作用(例如,单基因与多基因火山系统)。完善的火山岩地层学框架,用于绘制火山地形中的地质单位,还应采用火山学的最新发展和对火山系统的了解。岩石地层学分类需要定义映射单元并将其应用于1)火山远端渐近的近端,2)喷发类型及其时间变化,以及3)破火山岩运移模式(即沉降与火山碎屑密度流)。在喷发阶段之内或之间,在喷发阶段和喷发阶段再沉积的区别,将决定适用于火山单元的最有用的地层命名系统。在古代和现代的火山地形中进行地质测绘的方法可能不同,但适用相同的基本地层原理和分类。不论是在古代或现代的火山系统中,地质制图项目的目的都将确定制图的样式和规模。输出类型取决于目标和可用资源,包括测绘团队的火山学经验。在这里,我们从新西兰的角度对聚合板块边缘活跃的火山地形进行地质测绘提供了一些见识。 (C)2018由Elsevier B.V.发布

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