Equip the warrior instead of manning the equipment: Land use and transport planning support in the Netherlands

摘要

Abstract: ăis paper assesses the embedding of land use and transport instruments—Planning SupportnSystems (PSS), models and tools—in Dutch planning practice, in order to shed light on how planningnpractitioners perceive these instruments and to ascertain the reasons and manner of their (lack of ) uti-nlization.ăese insights providemuch-needed input to improve support instruments for integrated landnuse and transport planning, particularly during early planning phases and on the regional level. ăe re-nsearch adds to the emerging literature on PSS. It builds on general insights into bottlenecks that blocknthe use of PSS in practice, and employs a user-oriented approach to gain more insight into how usersnperceive these bottlenecks and how they relate to speciđc land use and transport PSS.Much of the exist-ning research geared toward improving these instruments has a technical focus on adjusting the intrinsicnworkings of the instruments themselves. However, the way in which they are embedded in planningnpractice has remained largely ignored and poorly understood. Based on data from a web-based surveynadministered to land use and transport practitioners in the spring of 2007, this paper describes hownLUT instruments are embedded in planning practice and how they are perceived by the planning actorsnin land use and transport planning.ăe đndings suggest that a technical focus is insufficient to improventhe implementation of these instruments.ăe key bottlenecks, identiđed by the survey, actually are cen-ntered on “soĕer issues,” such as lack of transparency and poor connections to the planning process. ăenclosing analysis and discussion offer some potential remedies for these shortcomings.