Biomimetic transformations of amorphous calcium phosphate:kinetic and thermodynamic studies

摘要

The biomimetic synthesis and phase transformation of XRD amorphous calcium phosphate were studied by application of kinetic, chemical and spectral (XRD and IR) methods and thermodynamic simulations. Two SBFs (SBFc and SBFr), differing in their HCO(_3~-) and Cl~- ion contents, were used in the maturation studies. It has been proven that the biomimetic maturation accelerated the phase transformation of less thermodynamically stable amorphous calcium phosphate to poorly crystalline hydroxy-apatite. Several regularities have been found:(ⅰ) kinetic reasons determined the biomimetic precipitation of XRD-amorphous calcium deficient phosphate (ACP); (ⅱ) the precipitated ACP always contained impurities due to co-precipitation, ion substitution and incorporation phenomena; (ⅲ) the increased content of HCO_3~- ions in the surrounding microenvironments increased the rate of phase transformation and the concentration of MeHCO_3~+ (Me = Ca, Mg) species in the solution, but the solubility of CaCO_3 has only been decreased and its precipitation accelerated, thus playing a crucial role in the process under study.