Border Elements between Administrative Domains of VoIP Operators

摘要

International standards, mainly produced by the CCITT (now ITU-T) are the basis for high-quality voice telecommunication in traditional telephony. In voice over IP (VoIP) there is a different situation. VoIP is based on the Requests for Comment (RFCs) of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), especially on those that form the TCP/IP protocol suite. Real-time suitability of the protocols was not a task of the RFCs. Commercial interworking of network operators as well has not been a main issue of the RFC-based Internet. Introducing VoIP, especially in the next-generation network (NGN), requires new techniques at the borders between operators.