RS and GIS Approach for Prospecting Various Parameter of Small Watershed

摘要

Groundwater is an important resource contributing significantly in total annual supply. However, over-exploitation has depleted groundwater availability considerably and also led to land subsidence at some places. Assessing the potential zone of groundwater recharge is extremely important for the protection of water quality and the management of groundwater systems. Land use and land cover is an important component in identifying groundwater potential zone. Groundwater potential zones are demarked with the help of remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. For the various geomorphic units, weight factors are decided based on their capability to store groundwater. The groundwater potential zones are classified into five categories like very poor, poor, moderate, good & excellent. This groundwater potential information will be useful for effective identification of suitable locations for extraction of water. Frequent drought condition of study area experienced drastic change in land use / land cover during the shorter period span. Assessing the potential zone of groundwater recharge is extremely important for the protection of water quality and the management of groundwater systems. Integrated use of GIS, Remote Sensing and Image processing technologies enable us to cope with the objectives of change detection. Most of the changes of land resources and ecosystems are happening in earth in the close proximity of human inhabitations. Study is carried out to analyse the land use land cover changes to detect the past and present land conditions of basin using multi temporal remote sensing data IRS-P6-LISS-Ⅲ 2008 andIRS-P6-LISS-Ⅲ 2011 respectively. NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) for the study area were determined which is an important indicator and were generated for both images of year 2008 and 2011 respectively. The image pair is acquired in the same season in order to minimize the impacts of seasonal differences of vegetation. Land use and land cover analysis with morphometric analysis of study would help the local people to utilize the resources for sustainable development of the basin area.