Evaluation of cyromazine transferred from feed to chicken products and subsequent assessment of dietary risks to Chinese consumers

摘要

In this work, levels of cyromazine and its metabolite melamine in chicken products and its transfer factors (TFs) and dietary risks assessment for Chinese consumers are presented. Cyromazine was added to chicken feed at doses of 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg for 42 days. Cyromazine residues were found in frequently consumed chicken products (meat, heart, liver, gizzard, and eggs), with liver and eggs displaying the highest concentrations (0.935 and 1.281 mg/kg, respectively). Low levels of melamine residues (＜0.029 mg/kg) were detected in chicken products from chickens treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg cyromazine, but not in eggs from chickens treated with 5 mg/kg cyromazine. The TFs for the investigated chicken products varied from 0.0074 to 0.0229 across the dosage levels. The chronic exposure assessment showed that 0.001 to 0.190% of the acceptable daily intake (0.06 mg/kg body weight [b.w.]/day) of cyromazine was consumed through chicken products among the various age and gender groups of Chinese consumers. The acute exposure assessments of different age and gender groups were 0.0004% to 0.178% of the acute reference dose (0.1 mg/kg b.w.). Although the results suggest that the risk associated with cyromazine residues in chicken products was low in China, the possible risk associated with cyromazine residues in chicken products should not be ignored while cyromazine remains a legal feed additive.