POSSIBLE MANAGEMENT OF FECAL COLIFORM POLLUTION IN THE SHKUMBINI BASIN FOLLOWING THE WFD GUIDELINES

摘要

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the EU provides the ground leading guidelines for meeting the standards both in water quality and quantity. This is affecting not only the member states, but also the countries that are in the process of integration. To that fact, based on possible scheme of monitoring of surface water, the microbiological aspects comprises a target to be achieved. In this paper are presented the data for the microbiological pollution of the Shkumbini river that is one of the most important watershed basins in Albania which is spread from the Ohrid lake boundaries to the Adriatic coast. Establishing fecal coliform pollution source allocation loads is a complex, difficult process - especially when dealing with non-point sources. Fecal coliform pollution comes from a variety of sources including urban runoff (Perrenjas, Librazhd, Elbasan, Peqin, etc.) or leaking septic systems, livestock, wildlife, illicit connections, leaking sewer lines and permitted point sources. The current measures serve as a guidelines for possible manage fecal coliform pollution in the Shkumbini basin following the WFD guidelines. The data show an increase values over hundred thousand bact./100 ml water. As a very first recommendation for improvement we suggest the following: more detailed identification of pollution sources using the targeted sampling bacterial; source tracking (BST) method; building of the urban water treatment facilities, both commercial and biological; creative financing options to help homeowners repair failing septic systems such as their using; improvements to septic tank maintenance including a septic tank management ordinance; target and expand inspections of and educational outreach to high pet concentration areas, specifically focusing on places with high concentrations of animals such as kennels or boarding facilities, animal shelters, and breeders.