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Experimental comparison of agent-enhanced flushing for the recovery of crude oil from saturated porous media

机译:增效剂冲洗从饱和多孔介质中回收原油的实验比较

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The subsurface remediation of nonaqueous liquid (NAPL) has proven to be challenging even when implementing more aggressive enhanced-flushing techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of alkaline- and surfactant-based enhanced flushing for the removal of crude oil (medium fraction) from saturated porous media. Synchrotron X-ray microtomography (SXM) was used to perform pore-scale examination of NAPL fragmentation and changes in blob morphology, and recovery using three different advective flushing methods: surface-active agent (surfactant) flushing, alkaline flushing, and sequential alkaline-surfactant flushing. This set of experiments was conducted to understand effects on such processes (fragmentation and recovery) as a function of media composition (geochemical/mineralogical) and pH alterations due to calcium-carbonate fraction. Results showed that the sequential flushing technique (alkaline -> surfactant) yielded the highest recovery, 32% after 5 pore volumes (PV) of flushing. The crude oil (NAPL) distribution varied due to differences in porous medium mixture composition and type of fluid (i.e. surfactant vs. alkaline) used for flushing. The results of this study can be used to aid in the understanding of physical and chemical parameters/properties that control mobilization of crude oil in saturated porous media. This can help reduce time and cost during remediation of contaminated sites that contain crude oil or less dense NAPL derivatives consistent with fuel-type petroleum hydrocarbons.
机译:即使实施更具侵略性的增强冲洗技术,非水液体的地下修复也被证明具有挑战性。这项研究的目的是评估基于碱性和表面活性剂的增强冲洗相结合从饱和多孔介质中去除原油(中等馏分)的有效性。同步X射线显微断层照相术(SXM)用于对NAPL片段化和斑点形态变化进行孔尺度检查,并使用三种对流冲洗方法进行回收:表面活性剂(表面活性剂)冲洗,碱冲洗和连续碱冲洗。表面活性剂冲洗。进行这组实验是为了了解对此类过程(碎片和回收)的影响,这些影响是培养基组成(地球化学/矿物学)和由于碳酸钙馏分引起的pH值变化的函​​数。结果表明,连续冲洗技术(碱性→>表面活性剂)在5个孔体积(PV)冲洗后回收率最高,为32%。原油(NAPL)的分布因多孔介质混合物组成和冲洗液类型(即表面活性剂与碱性流体)的不同而有所不同。这项研究的结果可用于帮助理解控制饱和多孔介质中原油流动的物理和化学参数/性质。这可以帮助减少污染现场的修复时间和成本,这些污染现场包含原油或密度较小的NAPL衍生物(与燃料型石油烃一致)。

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